Indigenous peoples’ experiences of the inscription of their lands and resources as World Heritage Sites, under the 1972 World Heritage Convention, have been widely varied. In some cases the Convention has been a tool for indigenous peoples to use in protecting their lands – the case of the Mirarr people in Kakadu, Australia, using the World Heritage Convention to halt Uranium mining in their lands stands out. However, far too often the processes of the World Heritage Convention, and the Committee which oversees its implementation, are far removed from the realities of the indigenous peoples living in the lands concerned. Through the lack of involvement of indigenous peoples, the lack of their effective participation and lack of comprehensive consultation and consent procedures, inscription too often results in violation of the rights of indigenous peoples, as expressed in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP).