Business, Trade and Finance
In Business, Trade and Finance
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Palm Oil
The rapid growth in palm oil production to feed global demands for edible oils and biofuels is causing serious social and environmental problems yet plantations are set to double their extent in the next 20 years.
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Timber, Pulp and Paper
Driven by growing global demand, the pulp and paper sector is undergoing rapid expansion. Clearing forests and replacing them with plantations of Eucalyptus and Acacia, the industry has taken over millions of hectares of indigenous peoples’ and forest peoples’ lands.
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Carbon and Biodiversity Markets
Questions about the role of carbon and biodiversity markets in addressing the climate and nature crises are subject to significant debate both inside and outside intergovernmental climate and biodiversity negotiations.
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Minerals and Energy
The current model of economic globalisation is driving unprecedented demand for the world’s remaining resources including oil, gas, coal and minerals.
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Infrastructure
In recent decades there has been a major expansion of large-scale infrastructure projects into indigenous peoples’ and forest peoples’ lands and territories in tropically forested countries.
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Certification
In the past 30 years, a number of certification schemes have been developed in response to the environmental and social challenges posed by expanding industrial agriculture and natural resource extraction.
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Regulation
Regulation focuses on the legal regulation of corporate behaviour across a range of industry sectors. Such regulation is often in its infancy, having been recently adopted or in the process of being developed.